Structure, development, and evolutive patterns of spermatozoa in rhabditid nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida)
Corresponding Author
Dieter Slos
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Correspondence
Dieter Slos, ILVO-Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Email: dieter.slos@ilvo.vlaanderen.be
Search for more papers by this authorVladimir V. Yushin
A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorMyriam Claeys
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorElena S. Ivanova
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorHajime Kosaka
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorWim Bert
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dieter Slos
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Correspondence
Dieter Slos, ILVO-Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Plant Sciences Unit, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Email: dieter.slos@ilvo.vlaanderen.be
Search for more papers by this authorVladimir V. Yushin
A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorMyriam Claeys
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorElena S. Ivanova
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorHajime Kosaka
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Search for more papers by this authorWim Bert
Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Search for more papers by this authorDieter Slos and Vladimir V. Yushin contributed equally to this work.
Funding information: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, Grant/Award Number: FWOKAN2013001201; Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant/Award Numbers: 17-04-00719-a, 20-04-00569; Russian Science Foundation for the Far Eastern Federal University, Grant/Award Number: 14-50-00034; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Grant/Award Numbers: 17H03831, 22380091
Abstract
Spermatogenesis of five rhabditid nematodes was studied using transmission electron microscopy and is described herein. Structure and development of nematode sperm in all available representatives of the extensive order Rhabditida have been analysed and the main characteristics of each infraorder are discussed. The ancestral sperm of the order Rhabditida was reconstructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods based on 44 ultrastructural sperm characters. The hypothetical ancestral spermatogenesis of the order Rhabditida agrees with the previously suggested “rhabditid” pattern and appears to be conserved throughout the order Rhabditida. Despite the enormous variation of rhabditid nematodes, few groups deviate from the ancestral pattern. This conserved pattern can be informative within the phylum Nematoda at order level, but poses limitations when used in taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis within Rhabditida.
Open Research
PEER REVIEW
The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1002/jmor.21255.
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available in the supplementary material of this article.
Supporting Information
Filename | Description |
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jmor21255-sup-0001-TableS1.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 26.2 KB | Table S1 Table containing the sperm character states of Rhabditida and outgroups. |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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