Sedimentation rate of settleable particulate matter in Santiago city, Chile
Verónica Morales-Casa
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Francisco Barraza
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
School of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Correspondence
Francisco Barraza, School of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Email: francisco@otago.ac.nz, fjbarraz@uc.cl
Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth Collante
Colegio Villa María Academy, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorRosanna Ginocchio
Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorHéctor Jorquera
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorFabrice Lambert
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR)2, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorEsteban Ospina
Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Quito, Ecuador
Search for more papers by this authorCésar Sáez-Navarrete
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro UC de Energía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorVerónica Morales-Casa
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Francisco Barraza
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
School of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Correspondence
Francisco Barraza, School of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Email: francisco@otago.ac.nz, fjbarraz@uc.cl
Search for more papers by this authorElizabeth Collante
Colegio Villa María Academy, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorRosanna Ginocchio
Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorHéctor Jorquera
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorFabrice Lambert
Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR)2, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorEsteban Ospina
Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Quito, Ecuador
Search for more papers by this authorCésar Sáez-Navarrete
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Centro UC de Energía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Settleable particulate matter (SPM) is an atmospheric pollutant harmful to human health and the environment in high concentrations. Despite this fact, no up-to-date information on SPM levels exists for the capital of Chile, Santiago (7 million inhabitants). To address this knowledge gap, SPM sedimentation rates, including soluble and insoluble components, were measured at three different urban sites from July to November of 2016. We compare the measurements with ambient and meteorological information, as well as urban typology settings.
Our results indicate SPM deposition rates between 2.5 and 3.9 g/(m2·30 days). Only one site exceeded the national limit of 4.5 g/(m2·30 days), but we found an increasing trend in all three sites. SPM and its insoluble sedimentation rates increased during warm and dry months and presented significant correlations with meteorological parameters. The highest sedimentation rates were measured at the location with the least permeable surfaces and the lowest green spaces, while the lowest sedimentation rates were found in the sites with abundant green spaces and permeable soil. No significant differences were detected in the soluble components.
Our results suggest that SPM levels in Santiago are close to the national limit and may increase with climate change and urban expansion.
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