Spousal Religiosity is Positively Associated with the Partner's Meaning in Life
Corresponding Author
Jong Hyun Jung
School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University
Correspondence should be addressed to Jong Hyun Jung, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639818. E-mail: sociocus75@gmail.com
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jong Hyun Jung
School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University
Correspondence should be addressed to Jong Hyun Jung, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 48 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639818. E-mail: sociocus75@gmail.com
Search for more papers by this authorData: The current study uses data from the 2006 Portraits of American Life Study, which can be accessed in the following website: http://thearda.com/Archive/PALS.asp
Abstract
Past research has established that personal religiosity is positively associated with a sense of meaning in life. However, it has largely overlooked how religious others influence one's own life meaning. Given that a marital partner may be the most influential other in a person's everyday life, this study aims to examine how the religiosity of one's spouse is associated with the sense of meaning in life of the self, regardless of the religiosity of the self. Moreover, this study assesses whether this association differs by gender. Analysis of data from the 2006 Portraits of American Life Study reveals that spousal religiosity is positively associated with the partner's meaning in life, net of the partner's own religious commitment. However, these observed patterns do not vary by gender. Overall, these observations highlight the importance of social contexts in which others’ religious attributes are related to one's own meaning in life.
References
- Adamczyk, Amy and Jacob Felson. 2006. Friends’ religiosity and first sex. Social Science Research 35(4): 924–47.
- Adamczyk, Amy and Cassady Pitt. 2009. Shaping attitudes about homosexuality: The role of religion and cultural context. Social Science Research 38(2): 338–51.
- Aneshensel, Carol S., Carolyn M. Rutter, and Peter A. Lachenbruch. 1991. Social structure, stress, and mental health: Competing conceptual and analytic models. American Sociological Review 56(2): 166–78.
- Baumeister, Roy F., and Kathleen D. Vohs. 2002. The pursuit of meaningfulness in life. In Handbook of positive psychology, edited by C. R. Snyder and Shane J. Lopez, pp. 608–18. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
- Berger, Peter L. 1967. The sacred canopy: Elements of a sociological theory of religion. New York, NY: Anchor.
- Brelsford, Gina M. 2013. Sanctification and spiritual disclosure in parent–child relationships: Implications for family relationship quality. Journal of Family Psychology 27(4): 639–49.
- Brown, Edna, Terri L. Orbuch, and Jose Bauermeister. 2008. Religiosity and marital stability among Black American and White American couples. Family Relations 57(2): 186–97.
- Clements, Mari L., Scott M. Stanley, and Howard J. Markman. 2004. Before they said ‘I do’: Discriminating among marital outcomes over 13 years. Journal of Marriage and Family 66(3): 613–26.
- Cook, William L., and David A. Kenny. 2005. The actor-partner interdependence model: A model of bidirectional effects in developmental studies. International Journal of Behavioral Development 29(2): 101–109.
- Cranney, Stephen. 2013. Do people who believe in God report more meaning in their lives?: The existential effects of belief. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(3): 638–46.
- Czekierda, Katarzyna, Anna Banik, Crystal L. Park, and Aleksandra Luszczynska. 2017. Meaning in life and physical health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review 11(4): 1–67.
- Debats, Dominique L. 1999. Sources of meaning: An investigation of significant commitments in life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology 39(4): 30–57.
- Elliott, Gregory, Melissa F. Colangelo, and Richard J. Gelles. 2005. Mattering and suicide ideation: Establishing and elaborating a relationship. Social Psychology Quarterly 68(3): 223–38.
- Ellison, Christopher G., Amy M. Burdette, and W. Bradford Wilcox. 2010. The couple that prays together: Race and ethnicity, religion, and relationship quality among working-age adults. Journal of Marriage and Family 72(4): 963–75.
- Ellison, Christopher G., Andrea K. Henderson, Norval D. Glenn, and Kristine E. Harkrider. 2011. Sanctification, stress, and marital quality. Family Relations 60(4): 404–20.
- Emerson, Michael O., David Sikkink, and Adele D. James. 2010. The panel study on American religion and ethnicity: Background, methods, and selected results. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 49(1): 162–71.
- Escher, Daniel. 2013. How does religion promote forgiveness? Linking beliefs, orientations, and practices. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(1): 100–19.
- Fowler, James H. and Nicholas A. Christakis. 2008. Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: Longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study. BMJ: British Medical Journal 337:a2338.
- Frankl, Victor. 1963. Man's search for meaning. New York, NY: Wiley.
- Froese, Paul. 2016. On purpose: How we create the meaning of life. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199948901.001.0001 Google Scholar
- Gove, Walter R. 1972. The relationship between sex roles, marital status and mental illness. Social Forces 51(1): 34–44.
- Heine, Steven J., Travis Proulx, and Kathleen D. Vohs. 2006. The meaning maintenance model: On the coherence of social motivations. Personality and Social Psychology Review 10(2): 88–110.
- Hill, Alison L., David G. Rand, Martin A. Nowak, and Nicholas A. Christakis. 2010. Emotions as infectious diseases in a large social network: The SISa model. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277(1701): 3827–35.
- Jung, Jong Hyun. 2015. Sense of divine involvement and sense of meaning in life: Religious tradition as a contingency. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 54(1): 119–33.
- Kennedy, Peter A. 2008. A guide to econometrics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
- Keyes, Corey L. M., Dov Shmotkin, and Carol D. Ryff. 2002. Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82(6): 1007–22.
- Klinger, Eric. 2012. The search for meaning in evolutionary goal-theory perspective and its clinical implications. In The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and application, edited by Paul T. P. Wong, pp. 23–56. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Krause, Neal. 2003. Religious meaning and subjective well-being in late life. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 58B: S160–70.
10.1093/geronb/58.3.S160 Google Scholar
- Krause, Neal. 2008. The social foundation of religious meaning in life. Research on Aging 30(4): 395–427.
- Krause, Neal. 2009. Religious involvement, gratitude, and change in depressive symptoms over time. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 19(3): 155–72.
- Krause, Neal. 2011. Stress, religious-based coping, and physical health. In Toward a sociological theory of religion and health, edited by Anthony J. Blasi, pp. 207–38. Boston, MA: Brill.
10.1163/ej.9789004205970.i-277.62 Google Scholar
- Lambert, Nathaniel M., Tyler F. Stillman, Roy F. Baumeister, Frank D. Fincham, Joshua A. Hicks, and Steven M. Graham. 2010. Family as a salient source of meaning in young adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology 5(5): 367–76.
- Machell, Kyla A., David J. Disabato, and Todd B. Kashdan. 2016. Buffering the negative impact of poverty on youth: The power of purpose in life. Social Indicators Research 126: 845–61.
- Merino, Stephen M. 2013. Contact with gays and lesbians and same-sex marriage support: The moderating role of social context. Social Science Research 42(4): 1156–66.
- Newman, David B., Norbert Schwarz, Jesse Graham, and Arthur A. Stone. 2019. Conservatives report greater meaning in life than liberals. Social Psychological and Personality Science 10(4): 494–503
- Orth, Ulrich. 2013. How large are actor and partner effects of personality on relationship satisfaction? The importance of controlling for shared method variance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 39(10): 1359–72.
- Pargament, Kenneth I. 1997. The psychology of religion and coping. New York, NY: Guilford.
- Park, Crystal L. 2005. Religion and meaning. In Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality, edited by Raymond F. Paloutzian and Crystal L. Park, pp. 295–314. New York: Guilford.
- Perry, Samuel L. 2015. A match made in heaven? Religion-based marriage decisions, marital quality, and the moderating effects of spouse's religious commitment. Social Indicators Research 123(1): 203–25.
- Perry, Samuel L.. 2016a. Perceived spousal religiosity and marital quality across racial and ethnic groups. Family Relations 65(2): 327–41.
- Perry, Samuel L.. 2016b. Spouse's religious commitment and marital quality: Clarifying the role of gender. Social Science Quarterly 97(2): 476–90.
- Petersen, Larry R. and Anita Roy. 1985. Religiosity, anxiety, and meaning and purpose: Religion's consequences for psychological well-being. Review of Religious Research 27(1): 49–62.
- Pinquart, Martin. 2002. Creating and maintaining purpose in life in old age: A meta-analysis. Ageing International 27(2): 90–114.
10.1007/s12126-002-1004-2 Google Scholar
- Schafer, Markus H. 2013. Close ties, intercessory prayer, and optimism among American adults: Locating God in the social support network. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(1): 35–56.
- Schieman, Scott, Alex Bierman, and Christopher G. Ellison. 2013. Religion and mental health. In Handbook for the sociology of mental health, edited by Carol S. Aneshensel, Jo C. Phelan, and Alex Bierman, pp. 457–78. New York: Springer.
10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5_22 Google Scholar
- Schleifer, Cyrus, and Mark Chaves. 2017. Family formation and religious service attendance: Untangling marital and parental effects. Sociological Methods & Research 46(1): 125–52.
- Schnabel, Landon. 2015. How religious are American women and men? Gender differences and similarities. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 54(3): 616–22.
- Simon, Robin W. 2002. Revisiting the relationships among gender, marital status, and mental health. American Journal of Sociology 107(4): 1065–96.
- Stark, Rodney. 2002. Physiology and faith: Addressing the “universal” gender difference in religious commitment. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 41(3): 495–507.
- Steensland, Brian, Jerry Z. Park, Mark D. Regnerus, Lynn D. Robinson, W. Bradford Wilcox, and Robert D. Woodberry. 2000. The measure of American religion: Toward improving the state of the art. Social Forces 79(1): 291–318.
- Steger, Michael F., Patricia Frazier, Shigehiro Oishi, and Matthew Kaler. 2006. The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology 53(1): 80–93.
- Stillman, Tyler F., Roy F. Baumeister, Nathaniel M. Lambert, A. Will Crescioni, C. Nathan DeWall, and Frank D. Fincham. 2009. Alone and without purpose: Life loses meaning following social exclusion. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45(4): 686–94.
- Stroope, Samuel, Scott Draper, and Andrew L. Whitehead. 2013. Images of a loving God and sense of meaning in life. Social Indicators Research 111(1): 25–44.
- Thoits, Peggy. 1986. Multiple identities: Examining gender and marital status differences in psychological distress. American Sociological Review 51(2): 259–72.
- Van Tongeren, Daryl R., Jeffrey D. Green, Joshua N. Hook, Don E. Davis, Jody L. Davis, and Marciana Ramos. 2015. Forgiveness increases meaning in life. Social Psychological and Personality Science 6(1): 47–55.
- Waite, Linda J., and Maggie Gallagher. 2001. The case for marriage: Why married people are happier, healthier, and better off financially. New York, NY: Broadway Books.
- Wood, Robert G., Brian Goesling, and Sarah Avellar. 2007. The effects of marriage on health: A synthesis of recent research evidence. Princeton, NJ: Mathematica Policy Research Inc.
- Yalom, Irvin D. 1980. Existential psychotherapy. New York, NY: Basic Books.