Perspective
Toward General Principles for Resilience Engineering
David J. Yu,
Michael L. Schoon,
Jason K. Hawes,
Seungyoon Lee,
Jeryang Park,
P. Suresh C. Rao,
Laura K. Siebeneck,
Satish V. Ukkusuri,
Corresponding Author
David J. Yu
Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Department of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Center for the Environment, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Address correspondence to David J. Yu, Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Dr., HAMP G175D, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; tel: 765-496-0577; davidyu@purdue.edu
Search for more papers by this authorMichael L. Schoon
School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Center for Behavior, Institutions & the Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJason K. Hawes
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSeungyoon Lee
Brian Lamb School of Communication, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJeryang Park
School of Urban and Civil Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorP. Suresh C. Rao
Department of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLaura K. Siebeneck
Department of Public Administration, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSatish V. Ukkusuri
Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavid J. Yu,
Michael L. Schoon,
Jason K. Hawes,
Seungyoon Lee,
Jeryang Park,
P. Suresh C. Rao,
Laura K. Siebeneck,
Satish V. Ukkusuri,
Corresponding Author
David J. Yu
Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Department of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Center for the Environment, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Address correspondence to David J. Yu, Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Dr., HAMP G175D, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; tel: 765-496-0577; davidyu@purdue.edu
Search for more papers by this authorMichael L. Schoon
School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Center for Behavior, Institutions & the Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJason K. Hawes
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSeungyoon Lee
Brian Lamb School of Communication, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJeryang Park
School of Urban and Civil Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorP. Suresh C. Rao
Department of Political Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorLaura K. Siebeneck
Department of Public Administration, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSatish V. Ukkusuri
Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Maintaining the performance of infrastructure-dependent systems in the face of surprises and unknowable risks is a grand challenge. Addressing this issue requires a better understanding of enabling conditions or principles that promote system resilience in a universal way. In this study, a set of such principles is interpreted as a group of interrelated conditions or organizational qualities that, taken together, engender system resilience. The field of resilience engineering identifies basic system or organizational qualities (e.g., abilities for learning) that are associated with enhanced general resilience and has packaged them into a set of principles that should be fostered. However, supporting conditions that give rise to such first-order system qualities remain elusive in the field. An integrative understanding of how such conditions co-occur and fit together to bring about resilience, therefore, has been less clear. This article contributes to addressing this gap by identifying a potentially more comprehensive set of principles for building general resilience in infrastructure-dependent systems. In approaching this aim, we organize scattered notions from across the literature. To reflect the partly self-organizing nature of infrastructure-dependent systems, we compare and synthesize two lines of research on resilience: resilience engineering and social-ecological system resilience. Although some of the principles discussed within the two fields overlap, there are some nuanced differences. By comparing and synthesizing the knowledge developed in them, we recommend an updated set of resilience-enhancing principles for infrastructure-dependent systems. In addition to proposing an expanded list of principles, we illustrate how these principles can co-occur and their interdependencies.
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