Individual Disaster Assistance For Socially Vulnerable People: Lessons Learned From the Pohang Earthquake in the Republic of Korea
Seunghoo Jeong
Advanced Railroad Civil Engineering Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorByeong Je Kim
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorYoung-Joo Lee
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ji-Bum Chung
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Address correspondence to Ji-Bum Chung, School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-52-217-3047; learning@unist.ac.kr, and Sung-Han Sim, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-31-290-7524; ssim@skku.edu.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Sung-Han Sim
School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Address correspondence to Ji-Bum Chung, School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-52-217-3047; learning@unist.ac.kr, and Sung-Han Sim, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-31-290-7524; ssim@skku.edu.
Search for more papers by this authorSeunghoo Jeong
Advanced Railroad Civil Engineering Division, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorByeong Je Kim
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorYoung-Joo Lee
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Ji-Bum Chung
School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
Address correspondence to Ji-Bum Chung, School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-52-217-3047; learning@unist.ac.kr, and Sung-Han Sim, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-31-290-7524; ssim@skku.edu.
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Sung-Han Sim
School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Address correspondence to Ji-Bum Chung, School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-52-217-3047; learning@unist.ac.kr, and Sung-Han Sim, School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea; tel: +82-31-290-7524; ssim@skku.edu.
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The Republic of Korea has been considered to be relatively safe from earthquake hazards because of the geological location of the Korean Peninsula, which has a low level of intraplate seismic activity. However, an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 5.4 struck the city of Pohang on November 15, 2017, causing 90 casualties and 52 million USD in property losses. During the recovery process after the earthquake, the Korean government provided individual disaster assistance to victims who reported their damages. However, the government disaster assistance could have been unfairly distributed among the socially vulnerable victims who essentially relied on that assistance. This study identifies whether the government disaster assistance was fairly distributed to socially vulnerable victims using a statistical model based on the data from the Pohang earthquake that occurred in 2017 in Korea. A conceptual model was constructed using a structural equation model (SEM) of three factors—social vulnerability, physical vulnerability, and the amount paid out in individual disaster assistance. Furthermore, interviews with and a survey of the victims were conducted to verify the problems identified by the conceptual model. This study found that socially vulnerable victims were less likely to take advantage of the government disaster assistance program.
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