The study found that Swedish consumers, especially organic food consumers, consider the environmental impact of packaging when purchasing food and are willing to pay more for environmentally sustainable alternatives. They think it is a matter of material and strongly prefer paper-based. A majority are aware of their shortcomings in judging the environmental status of packaging, indicating a need for guidance; otherwise, consumer choices can unintendedly counteract environmentally sustainable intentions.

Opportunities to reduce or recover food loss and waste through improved packaging were explored. For fresh produce, these include packaging that improves product protection, ventilation and temperature control; improved design of distribution packaging to reduce damage in transport and handling; and design of primary packaging considering demographic and lifestyle to reduce waste in the home. In some cases, a focus on reducing food waste will require more rather than less packaging. Packaging developers must therefore consider the product and its packaging as a complete system to optimize sustainability.

Time temperature indicators (TTI) have become the highlight in both application and research area of intelligent packaging. In this paper, the latest research of TTI was reviewed, and its status quos as well as its main problems were elaborated, and the prospect of its development was envisaged, aiming to furnish reference and support for researchers in this realm.