Highlights

• Androgen receptor DNA methylation was positively associated with impaired fasting glucose in women and the serum testosterone played negative moderation effects on the associations.
• The individuals experiencing low testosterone and androgen receptor DNA methylation levels reported a lower state of impaired fasting glucose than those who experienced high levels of serum testosterone and androgen receptor DNA methylation in women.

Highlights

• Patients with T2DM had evident of inspiratory muscle weakness and incremental inspiratory muscle training of 8 weeks period increased its strength.
• Increased inspiratory muscle strength significantly reflected on improved exercise capacity.
• Inspiratory muscles weakness should be frequently assessed in patients with diabetes.

Highlights

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities in adults. Limited evidence is available regarding its association with physical health outcomes in adults.
• In a nationally representative sample of US adults, we found a significant association between a history of ADHD diagnosis and diabetes.
• The findings extend the knowledge on the relationship between ADHD and diabetes, which highlights the need for further research about the association of neurodevelopmental disorders with their physical health outcomes in adults.

Highlights

• Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exhibited heterogeneity based on glycemic physiology.
• Higher pre-body mass index (BMI; 24-27.9 and ≥ 28 kg/m²), GDM-dysfunction, and GDM-mixed subtypes were independent risk factors for having large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants.
• There was no interaction between GDM-subtypes and pre-BMI for macrosomia and LGA infants.

Highlights

• After adjustment for age and sex, patients in the NGT and prediabetes groups had higher levels of FT3 and FT4 than diabetic patients, and patients in the DM well-controlled group had a higher level of FT3 than those in the DM uncontrolled group.
• FT3 and FT4 levels negatively correlated with HbA1c level and positively correlated with eGDR in euthyroid T2DM patients.
• After one-year of MMC management, FT3 was elevated and r-T3 and thyroid-stimulating hormone were decreased compared with the baseline, although they remained within the normal reference range.

Highlights

• Early identification of individuals at risk for glucose metabolism disorders may lead to effective preventive approaches. We studied associations between various gonadal hormonal factors and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes.
• Longer exposure to endogenous gonadal hormones with a later menopause as well as breastfeeding are associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, independently of other traditional risk factors. Contraceptive pill use in nonmenopausal women is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Highlights

• Depression and anxiety symptoms were highly prevalent during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic regardless of diabetes status.
• Women, unmarried individuals, employees (particularly health care providers), students, younger adults, and those with lower income were more vulnerable to psychological distress during the COVID-19 outbreak than others.
• People with diabetes who had their diabetes visit canceled during the pandemic, had no method of telecommunication with HCPs, or A1C≥10%; women; HCPs; students; unmarried individuals; and those with lower income were more likely to report depression and/or anxiety symptoms

Highlights

• In Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m², dulaglutide demonstrated great improvements in glycemic control with mild body weight reduction and low hypoglycemia risk.
• The results indicate that dulaglutide is effective and safe in patients with T2D and lower BMI; therefore, BMI should not be a consideration when dulaglutide is prescribed to Chinese patients with T2D.